Healthy newborns can typically do the following at birth or within the first few weeks of their life:

2 Month Babies

1. See things 8-12 inches away (the distance from breast or milk bottle to mom's or dad's face).

2. Can hear and may move their heads and eyes towards something of interest, or move their heads if their breathing is blocked (but sometimes not enough to avert suffocation).

3. Can identify their parents' voices.

4. Can taste and smell and have shown preferences for their own mother's milk and dislikes for strong, nasty odors.

5. Can draw back when pinched or pricked.

6. Can yawn and sneeze.

7. Have a "startle reflex," in which the arms and legs may shoot out or their body may stiffen when startled by a loud noise or other stimulation.

8. Have a "rooting reflex," in which touching the baby's lips gets him or her to open its mouth for feeding, perhaps smacking lips, sucking and breathing eagerly.

9. Have a protective reflex in which their tongues thrust out any item in their mouths (such as pacifiers). This reflex is intended to guard them against choking.

10. Have a "stepping reflex" if held upright and a "crawling reflex," in which they seem to sort-of crawl when placed on their stomach.

11. Have a "grasping reflex," in which they squeeze their little hands around a finger or other object.

12. Have a "righting reflex," in which when pulled up by the arms, they can lift their head up, despite a floppy neck.

13. Get a big kick out of faces, their own or other people's, and may be able to mimic expressions a few days after birth.

14. Favor the contrast of black-and-white patterns, especially the edges and in the shapes of bulls-eyes, diagonal stripes, faces or checkerboards.

Having listed the amazing things newborns can do, it is usually too much to expect of babies one month or younger to do everything. These are the things they cannot do, and when to expect them:

1. Smile intentionally (this takes about six weeks, although parents often swear it's sooner).

2. See very far away (you'll observe as baby's eyes begin to focus further away).

3. Lift head up (perhaps a bit by end of month, but little neck control yet).

4. Sit unaided when put down in sitting position (at about 5-6 months age).

5. Eat any solids, and will choke if given them (feeding solids sometimes starts at about 4 or 5 months).

6. Drool (drooling may start at about 3 months).

7. Have teeth (rarely a newborn is born with a tooth, but most infants get first teeth at 4-12 months).

8. Grip, pick up or grab objects (by 6 months, however, you may be wishing for a baby straitjacket at the grocery store).

9. Beg, whine and cry for heavily advertised toys.

10. Watch TV.

Now that you know what to expect (or not) of your baby, it's time to enjoy these little moments with your newborn.

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When you hold a newborn baby, in so many ways it appears to be tiny and helpless. It's hard to believe that a baby is in fact a highly developed being. Perhaps they haven't learnt how to put everything together yet, but all the building blocks are there, just waiting to be put to use.

One of the most amazing things about a baby is the amount of instinctive reflexes a baby has. A health professional will check these reflexes, because their presence shows that baby's central nervous system is working properly.

These reflexes exist to help nurture your baby, as well as protect him. Most reflexes last only for the first few weeks, and will gradually be replaced by voluntary, controlled movements as baby's development progresses.

Search Reflex

If you gently touch your baby's cheek with a finger or breast, baby will instinctively turn that way and open his mouth, ready for food. After about 12 weeks this reflex disappears, which is probably just as well! Mind you, sometimes when a toddler is being fussy about food, mouth closed, arms crossed, it would be nice to gently tap him on the cheek with the spoon and watch his mouth open.

Sucking Reflex

Another reflex designed to help nurture your baby. If you place a clean finger in baby's mouth, he will start to suck on it. This sucking reflex is essential for feeding in the early months, although by the time solids are introduced it has usually disappeared. Sucking can also help a baby to relax - both my babies used to love sucking on one of my knuckles when they were a bit cross or tired - they found it very soothing.

Grasp Reflex

We've all tried this one - put your finger in the palm of baby's hand, and he will instinctively grasp it. Babies will do this up until about 3 months old.

Crawling Reflex

When you lay baby on his stomach, he will bend his legs and poke his bottom in the air - the crawling position. Baby will continue to do this for a couple of months, after which he will be able to lie flat on his stomach.

Walking Reflex

If you life a baby upright, and let his feet touch the floor, his legs will start to make a walking motion. Many babies do this for the first month or so. Be very careful though - baby's neck muscles are still very weak, and his head should also be supported in an upright position. Once this reflex disappears, baby won't be ready to try walking again until around the 12-month mark.

Diving Reflex

I'm not sure I'm keen to test this one, but babies have a diving reflex. If your baby is placed in water, either at birth or later in a swimming pool, his throat will automatically close so that he can't swallow any water. So baby won't drown if born in water, and is in fact a natural swimmer. Usually this reflex lasts for about 2 months, although it can be extended if you regularly take baby swimming.

Babinski's Reflex

If you stroke the sole of baby's foot, his big toe will curl up, while his other toes will spread out. I'm not sure why baby does this, although personally I think it's an early stage of being ticklish! Babies will do this automatically for up to two years.

So there you have it - far from being little blobs that have yet to learn how to do very much, babies are in fact fascinatingly developed. So I hope this article helps you to appreciate all the hidden qualities of your baby.

For more fascinating baby information, visit Info About Baby You can sign up for a FREE Baby Tips newsletter at Baby Tips Newsletter. The author's book about babies is available at Baby's First Year [http://www.baby.learnheaps.com]

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Mint: This herb is very popular for its natural healing. It is best to use fresh peppermint leaves as it contains menthol. Take a few leaves and crush them up together. Then apply it on your skin.

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Nettle: You can usually find Nettle in pill form. It is known to help remove toxins in your body and therefore makes it helpful for preventing acne.

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